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Application Note
HALF WAVE, FULL WAVE RECTIFIER
Rectifying circuits are used in a multitude of applications. One
of the most popular uses is in the design of regulated power
supplies where a rectifier circuit is used to convert an input
sinusoid to a unipolar output voltage. There are some potential
problems for amplifiers used in this manner.
When the input voltage V IN is negative, the output is zero.
When the magnitude of V IN is doubled at the input of the op
amp, this voltage could exceed the power supply voltage which
would damage the amplifiers permanently. The op amp must
come out of saturation when V IN is negative. This delays the
output signal because the amplifier needs time to enter its
linear region.
The ADA4610-2 has a very fast overdrive recovery time, which
makes it a great choice for rectification of transient signals. The
symmetry of the positive and negative recovery time is also very
important in keeping the output signal undistorted.
R2 R3
10k Ω 10k Ω
5V
AN-763
TIME (1mS/DIV)
Figure 4. Full Wave Rectifier Signal (Output B)
stage of the circuit is a half wave rectifier. When the sine wave
applied at the input is positive, the output follows the input
response. During the negative cycle of the input, the output tries
to swing negative to follow the input, but the power supplies
restrains it to zero. Similarly, the second stage is a follower
during the positive cycle of the sine wave and an inverter during
V IN
3V p-p
+
–
R1
1k Ω
3
2
8
1/2
ADA4610-2
4
1
6
5
4
2/2
ADA4610-2
8
7
OUT B
(FULL WAVE)
the negative cycle. Figure 3 and Figure 4 represents the signal
response of the circuit at Output A and Output B, respectively.
HIGH GAIN COMPOSITE AMPLIFIER
5V
OUT A
(HALF WAVE)
R1
1k Ω
V EE
R2
99k Ω
V CC
Figure 2. Half Wave and Full Wave Rectifier
V–
V+
1/2
ADA4661-2
U5 1/2
V+ ADA4661-2
V–
V IN
V CC
R3
1k Ω
V EE
R4
99k Ω
Figure 5. High Gain Composite Amplifier
A composite amplifier can provide a very high gain in appli-
cations where high closed-loop dc gain is needed. The high gain
achieved by the composite amplifier comes at the expense of a
loss in phase margin.
Placing a small capacitor, C F , in the feedback loop and in
parallel with R2 improves the phase margin. For the circuit
TIME (1mS/DIV)
Figure 3. Half Wave Rectifier Signal (Output A)
of Figure 5, picking a C F = 50 pF yields a phase margin of
about 45°.
Rev. C | Page 3 of 8
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